Definition of Al-‘Illah: Viewing Through Aspects of Arabic Language and Iṣtilāḥ (Terminological) of Usul Fiqh Scholars
Abstract
This paper explores the concept of ‘illah and its significant impact on the diversity of ijtihād (independent reasoning) among Islamic scholars across different schools of thought. The process of istinbāṭ (legal derivation) often produces varying interpretations of ‘illah, leading to differences in the implementation of Islamic law. Recognizing the importance of ‘illah in shaping legal rulings, this study investigates its linguistic and terminological meanings. Using a qualitative research methodology, the study draws on a wide range of traditional and contemporary Islamic sources, including Usul al-Fiqh texts, Arabic literature, and theological works. The research applies both deductive and inductive analyses, alongside a textual conceptual approach, to explore the intricate discussions on ‘illah found in Arabic texts. The study concludes that understanding the linguistic origins of ‘illah is essential for comprehending its role in Sharia and legal theory. The term carries multiple meanings, including repetition, a barrier to certain conditions, and a sign of legal rulings, all of which are vital for the legal reasoning process. Through a synthesis of scholars’ views, this research presents a refined definition of ‘illah that aligns with classical jurisprudential theories, offering valuable insights into the development of Islamic legal principles.
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